Moral and legal rights are normally considered in
relation to the obligations of others. If I
have a right to privacy, then others are morally obligated to act in a way that does not infringe on my right.
This would be considered a negative right. Others respect such a right when they do nothing to interfere with it.
A positive right involves something or some capacity
that a person ought to have access to or to possess. If I
have a right to health care, then some person or some group has
a responsibility to provide adequate health care if I am unable to provide it for myself. Rights are often thought to be natural and not dependent on culture or on human agreement. But some philosophers argue that rights may be based on an original agreement, a
social contract,
between free and equal participants, perhaps hypothetical participants.
Rights are thought to be permanent and inalienable, meaning that they cannot be assigned, given away, or taken away. Also, rights are considered to be universal. Everyone, no matter were or when, has the same basic rights.
See also: